Developed through a collaboration between the Research Center for Climate Change Universitas Indonesia (RCCC UI) and Yayasan Visi Indonesia Raya Emisi Nol Bersih (ViriyaENB), this study examines the potential health and economic benefits of implementing EURO 4 fuel standards in Jakarta, Bandung, and Surabaya. By integrating air quality, health, and healthcare cost data, the study estimates how reducing PM2.5 pollution could lower the burden of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases while generating substantial healthcare savings.

The findings show that cleaner fuel standards can deliver measurable benefits for both public health and the economy. They also highlight the importance of integrating environmental and health data to support evidence-based policies aimed at improving air quality and protecting communities across Indonesia.

Read on: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44408-026-00116-3